Standard glass = 240 mL (8 fl oz)
Filtering waste products & excess salts
Passive water evaporation (not sweating)
Humidifying air you breathe
Temperature regulation during activity
Water content in stool
Let's debunk the myth about water diluting stomach acid with actual calculations:
"Drinking water with meals dilutes stomach acid and impairs digestion. You need to avoid water during meals!"
Even drinking 1 liter (4 cups) with a meal only raises stomach pH by ~0.8-1.5 units. Your stomach compensates by producing more acid. Normal digestion continues unaffected.
To actually impair digestion (raising pH above 3.5), you'd need to drink 50+ liters of water with a meal. That's physically impossible - you'd be too full to eat!
"Drinking water with meals washes vitamins and minerals out of your food before they can be absorbed."
Vitamins and minerals are absorbed in the small intestine, not the stomach. Water actually helps dissolve nutrients for better absorption. You can't "wash out" what hasn't been absorbed yet!
Dissolve in stomach fluids (which already contain water) and absorb in small intestine. Extra water doesn't interfere.
Require dietary fats and bile for absorption. Water plays no role in their absorption process.
Absorbed in specific regions of small intestine through active transport. Water doesn't wash them away.